human trafficking. With large amounts of money to be made, traffickers keep moving their products, thereby increasing their power. Child labour trafficking in the Lake Volta fishery of Ghana is one of the prominent issues receiving immense attention from various organizations, NGOs, Civil society within and outside Ghana and the government of Ghana. DATE OF ASSENT: 5th December, 2005 ENACTED by the President and Parliament: Prohibition and offences relating to trafficking Extreme poverty also plays an issue in child trafficking as families sometimes leave their children behind or give their children to the traffickers. It is a crime that causes enormous physical and physiological damage to victims and their families, undermines national cohesion and erodes developmental gains. of Ghana, Human Trafficking Act 2005 (694) The strategy should highlight Government of Ghana, Domestic Violence Act prevention, protection and partnership 2007 (732) Government of Ghana, Palermo efforts in combating child Protocol, IOM, 2001. trafficking.This harnesses the critical CHRISTIAN COUNCIL OF GHANA POLICY BRIEF ON CHILD TRAFFICKING Drug abuse in Ghana, causes, effects and solutions ... the use of tramadol by young people is the desire of most of them to enhance their performances in various fields of human … In Ghana, West Africa, the internal trafficking of children is one of the biggest challenges. More than 2 000 Sudanese nationals crossed the Central Mediterranean to Europe in 2018 Trafficking is one of the largest profit makers for organized crime in the world, and this rings true also in Africa. cause of trafficking in Ghana is poverty, defined as limited political, economic and social opportunities. OF GHANA ENTITLED HUMAN TRAFFICKING ACT, 2005 AN ACT for the prevention, reduction and punishment of human trafficking, for the rehabilitation and reintegration of trafficked persons and for related matters. This year marks a major milestone—the 20th anniversary of the TIP Report. An irresponsible state obviously will lead to a decay state. The Eastern Corridor of the Northern Region, particularly areas around Zabzugu and Tatale, is fast becoming a transit point for human trafficking activities.. The NCCT is also tasked with developing a national strategy to address the causes of human trafficking. Ghana passed a Human Trafficking Act in 2005 and Côte d’Ivoire is currently working on drafting its own national counter trafficking legislation. Discuss two health issues arising from human trafficking in the country Discuss one mental and one physical health problem. The texts chosen are ‘Trafficking: The Reality of Violence Against Women’ a speech delivered by H.E Samira Bawumia who is a Ghanaian politician also the Second Lady of the Republic of Ghana, and ‘Causes & Effects of Human Trafficking’ published in 2018 by Micah Hartmann. The Human Trafficking Secretariat coordinates all activities of human trafficking in Ghana by adopting legal, legislative and operational measures to reinforce the principles of gender equality and human rights issues. Efforts to combat child trafficking are also being implemented in the West African region by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Drug trafficking is ultimately fueled by the economic principle of supply and demand in a world where there is a high demand for illicit substances that cannot be obtained through any legal means. Drug trafficking is ultimately fueled by the economic principle of supply and demand in a world where there is a high demand for illicit substances that cannot be obtained through any legal means. Many Ghanaian children are trafficked from their home villages to work in the fishing industry. Furthermore, these causes can be divided into two categories: push factors and pull factors. The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, as amended (TVPA), defines “severe forms of trafficking in persons” as: sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to … This dissertation provided an analysis on the factors that influence child trafficking in Ghana and included the child victim – offender familiarity and the spread of child trafficking cases. June 29, 2017 Ghana remains on course in the fight against human trafficking, says Minister of Gender, Children and Social Protection, Madam Otiko Afisa Djaba. It is a crime that causes enormous physical and physiological damage to victims and their families, undermines national cohesion and erodes developmental gains. On paper, the Act appears to address the primary concerns regarding human trafficking. Dr Razak Imoro, Senior Lecturer, University of Cape Coast (UCC), says Ghana needs a particular institution clothed with a clear Ghana needs a fit-for-purpose institution to curb human trafficking - The Independent Ghana Through research and over 10 years of operations, the organisation has discovered that child trafficking in Ghana is caused by poverty, ignorance, poor parental care and lack of … The training, by the Human Trafficking Secretariat of the Ministry, was part of activities to commemorate this year’s World Anti-Human Trafficking Day and empowered personnel from the Police Service, Economic and Organised Crime Office and Immigration Service to handle root causes and prevent human trafficking amid COVID-19 pandemic. Justice Sedina Agbemava of Ghana’s High Court says that there’s a strong movement forming in her home country, Ghana, to stamp out human trafficking. The push factors are poverty, underemployment, unemployment, lack of education, globalization of labor, market diversity, and countrywide conflict. In October 2014, Sudan hosted the African Union’s first regional conference on human trafficking and smuggling in the Horn of Africa (HoA). A21 is a non-governmental organization that has been working for over ten years toward their mission of abolishing slavery everywhere, forever. The most prevalent type of trafficking in Ghana is internal child trafficking, especially of children subjected to forced labour in the fishing, mining, agricultural and informal sectors, including street hawking, begging and portering. Mr Bekoe said Ghana was ranked a Tier 2 Watch List country which meant that Ghana was a source, transit and destination country for men, women and girls and children subjected to human trafficking. Causes of Child Trafficking: A case study of Ghana Wenngren, Christina LU () STVM11 20111 Department of Political Science. This special issue will bridge the fields of queer, migration, and critical trafficking studies in order to address the intersections and imbrications of transactional sex, LGBTQI+ identities and politics, and discourses of migration and human trafficking. Unfortunately, these factors contribute to another issue affecting countless victims across a Human Trafficking Management Board (Board) to spearhead counter-trafficking efforts. Traffickers coerce some Ghanaian men and women into labor and sex trafficking in the United States. In 2005, Ghana passed the Human Trafficking Act that aimed to fight against human trafficking in 3 distinct ways: prevention of human trafficking, protection of trafficked persons, and prosecution of traffickers. hannah-joy amissah (10703389) this dissertation is submitted to the university of ghana, legon, in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of master There are many factors that lead to human trafficking, a form of modern-day slavery that exists in the 21st century.Today, an estimated 24.9 million people worldwide are still forced into a world of captivity. One basic thing associated with human trafficking is that the victim's fundamental human rights are abused through enforced labour exploitation, sexual exploitation, forced marriage, illegal adoption, and other such ills. Twenty years ago, when the United States Congress passed the TVPA mandating this report, it signaled the U.S. government’s resolve to fight human trafficking and marked a pivot from indignation to positive action. Problems with enforcement may originate from the same root causes as trafficking, e.g. Why are laws specially designed to combat trafficking in Ghana not adequately enforced? The Anti Human Trafficking Unit (AHTU) of the Ghana Police Service was established on 11th March, 2008 under the command of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID). • Human trafficking, a form of modern day slavery, involves the illegal trade of people for exploitation or commercial gain and is a $150 billion global industry.Two thirds of this figure ($99 billion) is generated from commercial sexual exploitation, while another $51 billion results from forced economic exploitation, including domestic work, agriculture and other economic activities. In order to develop a programme of action directed at reducing and possibly eradicating the trafficking and smuggling of … Figure. Often trafficking can occur when households are financially challenged and give children to intermediaries or fishermen to work for monetary exchange (Rescue Foundation Ghana, 37.) : Dr. Imoro said the causes of human trafficking in Ghana stemmed from the Ghanaian culture and practice of sending away children to extended family members in other areas, ignorance on what the child might be used for, lack of education, poverty, violent conflicts, and globalization. The texts chosen are ‘Trafficking: The Reality of Violence Against Women’ a speech delivered by H.E Samira Bawumia who is a Ghanaian politician also the Second Lady of the Republic of Ghana, and ‘Causes & Effects of Human Trafficking’ published in 2018 by Micah Hartmann. Another way, in which Ghana is faced with this evil of human trafficking, is that, Ghana has become to some degree a target point for traffickers. trafficking., labour. Traffickers lure Nigerian women and girls to Ghana with the promise of a good job and coerce them into commercial sex to pay exorbitant debts for transportation and lodging. Description of human trafficking in – GHANA. Of the 82, the Ghana Police Service (GPS) Anti-Human Trafficking Unit (AHTU) reported 67 investigations of potential trafficking crimes, compared with 91 investigations in 2017. According to her, the government has put in place systems and structures to address the teaming issues on human trafficking in the country. According to her, after the adoption of the human Trafficking protocol to prevent , suppress and punish trafficking of persons especially women and children , Ghana has domesticated the law since. Of the 113, the Ghana Police Service (GPS) Anti-Human Trafficking Unit (AHTU) reported conducting 91 investigations of potential trafficking crimes, compared with 118 investigations in 2016. Often the government relies on NGOs to identify and rescue trafficked children. Sexual slavery and sexual exploitation is attaching the right of ownership over one or more people with the intent of coercing or otherwise forcing them to engage in sexual activities. By Raggie Johansen Human trafficking is an international problem affecting millions of people and many countries around the world. Provide at least four facts or trends regarding the issue of human trafficking in the country. The government reported initiating 82 investigations into suspected human trafficking during calendar year 2018, compared to 113 investigations in 2017. The second National Plan to Combat Human Trafficking 72 sought to improve the coordination of all bodies and agencies involved in preventing human trafficking and proposed new measures to train multi-agency personnel involved in combatting human trafficking. Trafficking of children is a form of human trafficking and is defined by the United Nations as the "recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, and/or receipt" kidnapping of a child for the purpose of slavery, forced labor and exploitation. The root causes of … The Human Trafficking Act, 2005 (Act 694) The “The Root Cause of Human Trafficking is Traffickers.” ... Human trafficking is not a naturally occurring phenomenon. Trafficking of children for labor and sexual exploitation violates basic human rights and constitutes a major global public health problem. Large family size, lack of educational opportunities and unemployment can also make a person vulnerable to TiP. The government made no efforts to decrease the demand for forced labor or for commercial sex acts. : Article 3(c) This definition is substantially wider than the same document's definition of "trafficking in persons". It has emerged that the Immigration Department is not adequately equipped to detect forgeries. Overall, the largest causes of human trafficking in China are the high unemployment rates in rural areas, mass production increase in urban areas and lack of enforced punishment by government and law. The first cause that has been the biggest contributor to this menace is the cheap labor that comes with child trafficking. Dr Razak Imoro, Senior Lecturer, University of Cape Coast (UCC), says Ghana needs a particular institution clothed with a clear Ghana needs a fit-for-purpose institution to curb human trafficking … The majority of children subject to human trafficking within Ghana are exploited for labor in cocoa, domestic work, commercial sexual exploitation, gold mining, and fishing. This is a lukewarm attitude on the part of the authorities responsible for combating human trafficking in the country. After an earthquake, people of good will race in to mitigate the effects of the disaster, but they cannot stop the earthquake itself. This includes forced labor, reducing a person to a servile status (including forced marriage) and sex trafficking persons, such as the sexual trafficking of children. These intermediaries are often people of familiarity. Some are especially relevant to the causes of trafficking. “I had done a lot of work in the US around poverty, especially around youth in poverty. Human Trafficking in sub‐Saharan Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific 7 Causes of trafficking in ACP countries can be (perceived) poverty, weak governance, armed conflict, misinformation and lack of protection from discrimination. In Ghana, West Africa, the internal trafficking of children is one of the biggest challenges. Pediatricians and other health care professionals may encounter victims who present with infections, injuries, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidality, or a variety of other physical or behavioral health conditions. This, plus the porous nature of Kenyan borders, is fuelling human trafficking. Ghana Police set up anti-human trafficking Unit. According to her, after the adoption of the human Trafficking protocol to prevent , suppress and punish trafficking of persons especially women and children , Ghana has domesticated the law since. Over the past few years, Ghana has been known to be a source, transit and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking. Human trafficking in South Africa occurs as a practice of forced labour and commercial sexual exploitation among imported and exported trafficked men, women, and children. The Crusading Guide, 30 … Download PDF. Anti-Trafficking Review calls for papers for a Special Issue themed ‘Migration, Sexuality, and Gender Identity’.. Children as young as age 4 are subjected to forced labor in fishing in the areas around Lake Volta, sometimes as … The problem with legal enforcement is intimately linked to the root causes of trafficking. In 2015, Ghana was placed on the Tier 2 Watch List, which means that the country risks dropping to the third tier. Human Rights Watch (HRW) specifically identified Ghana as among the nations most “implicated in the trafficking of children.” It demanded the immediate ratification of the Palermo Protocols and called for a domestic prohibition on child trafficking as well as the investigation, prosecution, and punishment of perpetrators. This is due to the adverse impact on the children’s developments. The report assesses the efforts of governments around the world to fight human trafficking, including in the United States. In 2016, the National Human Trafficking Hotline, operated by Polaris, registered more than 26,700 calls and recorded 7572 cases of human trafficking. have been global concerns on the occurrence of trafficking and Ghana as a country, has been placed on the tier 2 watch list by the United States. The crime of sex trafficking can also be understood through the “acts,” “means,” and “purpose” framework. Map of Ghana Showing Internal Human trafficking Routes, Destinations and Origins of ... by this problem and is facing key challenges in determining its causes and effects. Poverty alone does not necessarily create vulnerability to trafficking, but when combined with other factors, these can lead to a higher risk for being trafficked. A short summary of this paper. Sex trafficking encompasses the range of activities involved when a trafficker uses force, fraud, or coercion to compel another person to engage in a commercial sex act or causes a child to engage in a commercial sex act. Many Ghanaian children are trafficked from their home villages to work in the fishing industry. Fishermen, on … Physical and Mental Health Issues Related to Human Trafficking . The harsh economic conditions in the country make some individuals jump at any opportunity to move to greener pastures, and human traffickers deceitfully provide these opportunities. Mark; Abstract Despite the growing efforts by international and national actors to combat trafficking in human beings, the slavery of our time is flourishing. However, as this issue has been brought to the light internationally, the country has begun to make efforts to fight against human trafficking. Human trafficking is a global phenomenon that, one way or another, affects each country in the world. Several cultural traditions in Africa combine the aforementioned three types of trafficking to create the Trokosi or “slaves to the gods” in Ghana and the Wahaya or “fifth wife” in Niger. Lastly, child soldiering is another form of human trafficking that “involves the unlawful As we pointed out in our article 10 Human Trafficking Facts in India: History, Causes and Statistics there has been an increase in human trafficking rate in the past couple of years. Human Trafficking and Forced Labour in Ghana… Human Trafficking In Ghana: A Review Of … The victim and economic theories shaped most of the interventions that are currently being used to tackle child trafficking. Conflict and natural disaster. Dr Razak Imoro, Senior Lecturer, University of Cape Coast (UCC), says Ghana needs a particular institution clothed with a clear cut mandate to curb human trafficking. A. Atia Apusigah. There are many causes for the trafficking, but the cause above all is poverty, which is connected to both supply and demand. Tackling the Issue. A National Child Labour Survey by the Ghana Statistical Service indicated that out of the over six million children in Ghana of school-going age between five years and seven years, 1.3 million of … A. Atia Apusigah. In Ghana, West Africa, the internal trafficking of children is one of the biggest challenges. Causes of Human Trafficking in Sub Saharan Africa. The 2016 United States Department of State report on human trafficking identified Ghana as a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and … Looking Back on Twenty Years of the Trafficking in Persons Report. 37 Full PDFs related to this paper. HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN GHANA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 2 occurs when “a domestic worker is not free to leave his or her employment and is abused and underpaid, if paid at all” (United States of America Department of the State, June 2018, p. 33). slavery, servitude or the removal of organs.” According to Ghana’s Human Trafficking Act of 2005 and its 2009 amendments, human trafficking is defined as: “The recruit-ment, transportation, transfer, harboring, trading or receipt of persons for the pur-pose of exploitation within and across national borders by (a) the use of threats, force This paper. They have teams in 12 countries fighting human trafficking, including sexual trafficking, forced labor, bonded labor, involuntary domestic servitude, and other forms of exploitation. With large amounts of money to be made, traffickers keep moving their products, thereby increasing their power. Girls are been sent to Europe, America and some other African countries with the hope to have domestic jobs but later they are being brained-washed deceived into forced labour, some work and receive unfair wages, others are abused or forced into prostitution. This study examines the causes of child trafficking in Ghana, some interventions and efforts directed at reducing child trafficking and policy implementation challenges faced by local and international conventions that seek to advance the human rights of children as a result of the lack This is when a violation of human rights, for instance the violation of the right to an adequate standard of living, lead to increase vulnerability of a person. To effectively solve the problem of child trafficking in Ghana the first important thing all concerned parties need to be aware of is the causes of child trafficking in the first place. Download Full PDF Package. Human trafficking is not a … According to the U.S. Department of State 2019 Trafficking in Persons Report, gold is produced with trafficking or trafficking risk in Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal. Dr Razak Imoro, Senior Lecturer, University of Cape Coast (UCC), says Ghana needs a particular institution clothed with a clear Ghana needs a fit-for-purpose institution to curb human trafficking … The Ghana police service (GPS) anti-human trafficking unit (AHTU) reported conducting 118 investigations of potential trafficking crimes, compared with 238 investigations in 2015; of these, 114 were for labor trafficking and four for sex trafficking. Generally, South African girls are trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and domestic servitude, while boys are used for street vending, food service, and agriculture. Addressing a press conference in Accra today, […] The question remains, however: does the Act adequately address the Ghanaian human trafficking problem, in practice, six years subsequent to the Act’s passage into law? A form of modern-day slavery, human trafficking is a serious public health emergency affecting 12 to 30 million people, including more than 5 million children. Janet Mohammed. The causes of human trafficking are complex and interlinked, and include economic, social and political factors. For many decades, the Catholic Church in Ghana has played a critical role in the development of the country, providing essential social services and interventions that touch the core human existence which include helping curb the increasing rate of human trafficking.
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